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Objective To study the effects of percutaneous liver tumor injection combined with the clinical efficacy of transcatheter hepatic artery chemoembolization in the treatment of advanced liver cancer,and to provide ref-erence for clinical treatment.Methods 22 patients using percutaneous liver tumor injection combined with transcath-eter arterial chemoembolization for treatment were selected,with which 1 month follow-up after discharge.Situation of patients with percutaneous liver tumor injection and transcatheter hepatic artery chemoembolization was analyzed,and the changes of the patients in the following -up of survival time,tumor volume and clinical symptoms were also ana-lyzed.Results Among the patients of postoperative recheck after 6 weeks,6 cases were complete remission,there were partial remission in 8 cases,6 cases of stable,2 cases of progress.Follow up to 2013 December,the patients'sur-vival time was 17-82 months,the average survival time was (55.71 ±13.47)months.After treatment,4 cases of patients'tumor diameter reduced 1 -3cm,18 cases of tumor diameter reduced 3 -5cm,19 cases of liver area pain symptoms for more than half a year of remission,3 cases of liver area pain relief time less than half a year.During the follow -up period,12 patients died of multiple organ failure.Conclusion The development of percutaneous liver tumor injection combined with transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization therapy can delay the development of the disease in patients with advanced HCC,and prolong the survival time.
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Objective To develop an antigen retrieval method for detection of human mammaglobin ( hMAM) immuno-histochemcal staining in old paraffin-embedded specimens .Methods The tissue sections in test group were put into dis-tilled water after deparaffinization and then moved into citric acid buffer ( pH 3.5) for 10-15 min.The other two meth-ods,microwave method and high pressure cooker method ,were compared as control groups at the same time .Finally, immu-nohistochemistry SP method was used to check the antibody in the sections .Results The color appearance in the test group (pH 3.5 citric solution) was better than that of microwave oven and high pressure cooker groups .In the test group, tissue sections were not easily cast off from the slices .Conclusion In this study,we have established a new and simple antigen retrieval method which will contribute to immunohistochemistry technology .
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Objective To investigate the antioxidative effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the intestinal ischemia reperfusion.Methods Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group,occlusion group,dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group and the ATRA group according to the random number table.There were 8 rats in each group.Rat models of intestinal ischemia reperfusion were established by clamping the superior mesenteric arteries for 60 minutes,and then restore the blood flow for 120 minutes.Superior mesenteric arteries were only separated without clamping in the sham operation group.Rats in the ATRA group received ATRA pretreatment through intragastric infusion at the dosage of 15 μg/g for 5 days,and then ATRA pretreatment at 6 hours before operation.Rats in the DMSO group received intragastric infusion of DMSO at the same dosage.The concentration of ATRA at 5 hours before operation was detected by high performance liquid chromatography.The pathomorphological changes of the ileal mucosa were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the Chiu's scores on the ileal mucosa were evaluated.The serum content of diamine oxidase (DAO),tissue level of malonaldehyde (MDA) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected by colorimetry.Protein expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the ileal tissues was detected by Western blot.All data were analyzed using the analysis of variance or LSD-t test.Results The concentrations of ATRA in the ATRA group was (827 ±276) μg/L,which was significantly higher than (48 ± 12) μg/L of the sham operation group,(55 ± 15) μg/L of the occlusion group and (63 ± 20) μg/L of the DMSO group (t =11.242,11.138,11.013,P ＜ 0.05).The morphology of the ileal mucosa was normal in the sham operation group,while the ileal mucosa was severely damaged in the occlusion group and the DMSO group.The injury of the ileal mucosa in the ATRA group was slight.The Chiu's scores of the occlusion group,DMSO group and the ATRA group were 3.83 ±0.77,3.92 ± 0.87 and 2.42 ± 0.75,which were significantly higher than 0.37 ± 0.28 of the sham operation group (t =9.803,10.040,5.793,P ＜0.05).The Chiu's scores of the ATRA group was significantly lower than that of the occlusion group and the DMSO group (t =4.009,4.247,P ＜ 0.05).The DAO levels of the occlusion group,DMSO group and the ATRA group were (26.3 ±4.4)U/L,(25.1 ± 4.3)U/L and (20.8 ±3.8)U/L,which were significantly higher than (14.2 ± 1.9) U/L of the sham operation group (t =6.493,5.835,3.534,P ＜ 0.05).The level of DAO of the ATRA group was significantly lower than that of the occlusion group and the DMSO group (t =2.959,2.301,P ＜0.05).The levels of MDA of the occlusion group,DMSO group and the ATRA group were (16.9 ± 4.0) μmol/g,(16.0 ± 3.5) μmol/g and (11.3 ± 3.1) μmol/g,which were significantly higher than (5.4 ± 1.0) μmol/g of the sham operation group (t =7.397,6.821,3.821,P ＜ 0.05).The level of MDA of the ATRA group was signifcantly lower than that of the occlusion group and the DMSO group (t =3.575,3.000,P ＜ 0.05).The SOD activity of the occlusion group,DMSO group and the ATRA group were (108 ±22) U/mg,(98 ± 19) U/mg and (181 ± 38)U/mg,which were significantly lower than (243 ± 37)U/mg of the sham operation group (t =8.939,9.647,4.106,P ＜ 0.05).The SOD activity of the ATRA group was significantly higher than that of the occlusion group and the DMSO group (t =4.833,5.541,P ＜ 0.05).The relative protein expressions of the MnSOD of the occlusion group and the DMSO group were 0.36 ± 0.08 and 0.28 ± 0.07,which were significantly lower than 0.93 ± 0.13 of the sham operation group (t =8.972,10.101,P ＜ 0.05).The relative protein expression of the MnSOD of the ATRA group was 0.80 ± 0.19,which was significantly higher than that of the occlusion group and the DMSO group (t =6.948,8.077,P ＜ 0.05),while it was not significantly different from that of the sham operation group (t =2.024,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Through up-regulating the expression of MnSOD and improving the antioxidative capacity of tissue,ATRA pretreatment can attenuate intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and efficacy of using the hepatoduodenal ligament tension-reduced operation (tension-reduced operation in short) for iatrogenic bile duct injury where the bile duct was severely defective. MethodsBetween March 2006 and May 2009, the authors treated 6 patients with iatrogenic bile duct injury (Bismuth type Ⅱ : 5 patients and type Ⅲ : 1 patient). A no. 7 black silk thread was used to hold the hilar plate tissues and the seromuscular layer of the bulbous part of the duodenum closer together and knots were tied. This method brought the porta hepatis and the duodenal bulb closer together and the hepatoduodenal ligament was shortened. An end to end anastomosis could then be made between the two broken ends of the defective bile duct without tension. ResultsSix patients suffered from bile duct injury and they recovered fully after the tensionreduced operation. There was no complication on follow-up. ConclusionsThe tension-reduced operation was efficacious in the treatment of iatrogenic bile duct injury. This technique should be popularized and more widely used.
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Objective Analysis the risk factors which maybe caused the cerebral hemorrhage after the liver transplantation, and then make out the counter nursing measures. Methods Selected 12 patients with cerebral hemorrhage after the liver transplantation as the experimental group, and then matching 48 patients without cerebral hemorrhage after the liver transplantation as the control group. Analysis the factor which related the cerebral hemorrhage. Results The factors which related the cerebral hemorrhage after the liver transplantation included in the Intensive Care Unite, heme level, Child level, APTT, albumin, blooding volume during the operation, operation time and the postoperative blood platelet level. The factors of Child level and the blooding volume during the operation were the independence risk factors of cerebral hemorrhage. Conclusion The factors of Child level and the blooding volume during the operation were the independence risk factors of cerebral hemorrhage, we should carry out counter nursing measures to prevent them.